Bladder cancer: causes, diagnosis, and available treatment you may need to know

Bladder cancer is a type of cancer that occurs when abnormal cells grow uncontrollably in the bladder, the organ that stores urine. It is the sixth most common cancer in the United States, with an estimated 83,000 new cases and 17,000 deaths per year. Bladder cancer is more common in men than women and is usually diagnosed in people over the age of 55.

Medicalnewstoday reported that; the exact cause of bladder cancer is unknown, but several risk factors have been identified. Smoking is the leading cause of bladder cancer, accounting for nearly half of all cases. Other risk factors include exposure to certain chemicals and dyes, chronic bladder inflammation, family history, and certain genetic mutations.

Diagnosis The diagnosis of bladder cancer begins with a physical exam and medical history. A urine test is usually the first step in detecting bladder cancer. If blood is present in the urine, a cystoscopy, a procedure where a flexible tube with a camera is inserted into the bladder, may be necessary to look for abnormal growths. Imaging tests, such as CT scans or MRIs, may also be used to evaluate the extent of the cancer.

Treatment Treatment for bladder cancer depends on the stage and grade of the cancer. Treatment options include surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, and immunotherapy. Surgery is the most common treatment for early-stage bladder cancer, and it may involve removing a portion of the bladder or the entire bladder. Radiation therapy may be used in conjunction with surgery or as the primary treatment for early-stage cancer. Chemotherapy may be used to shrink the tumor before surgery or to treat advanced bladder cancer that has spread to other parts of the body. Immunotherapy is a newer treatment that uses the body's immune system to fight cancer cells.

In conclusion, bladder cancer is a common and potentially deadly disease. Early detection and treatment are essential for a good outcome. If you are experiencing symptoms such as blood in the urine, frequent urination, or pain during urination, it is important to speak with your healthcare provider.

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