Hydrogen reacts with most element and forms a large number of compounds. In many cases, these compounds are formed by the direct combination of elements, such as in water (H2O), ammonia (NH3) and hydrogen chloride (HCl). Ammonia and hydrogen chloride are prepared industrially in this way.
Hydrogen gas is highly flammable and will burn in air at a very wide range of concentrations.
The product of combustion is water.
Hydrogen can also explode in a mixture of chlorine in response to a spark, heat or even sunlight.
In aqueous solutions, hydrogen ions attach to water molecules to form hydronium ions. Hydronium ions are also known as oxonium ions.
Hydrogen plays an important role in acid-base reactions, which are characterised by the transfer of protons or hydrogen ions.
Examples are reactions with hydrogen chloride and ammonia.
When we pass hydrogen over heated metallic oxides (for example, copper oxide, iron oxide, or lead oxide), they are reduced to the metals.
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